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Amsterdam Treaty : ウィキペディア英語版 | Amsterdam Treaty
The Amsterdam Treaty, officially the ''Treaty of Amsterdam amending the Treaty of the European Union, the Treaties establishing the European Communities and certain related acts'', was signed on 2 October 1997, and entered into force on 1 May 1999;〔(Text of "Treaty of Amsterdam" )〕 it made substantial changes to the Treaty of Maastricht, which had been signed in 1992. The Treaty of Amsterdam increased powers of the European Parliament in diverse areas including new abilities to legislate on immigration, civil and criminal law and to enact foreign and security policy (CFSP), as well as institutional changes for expansion as new member nations of the EU join. ==Background== The treaty was the result of very long negotiations which began in Messina, Sicily on 2 June 1995, nearly forty years after the signing of the Treaties of Rome, and reached completion in Amsterdam on 18 June 1997. Following the formal signing of the Treaty on 2 October 1997, the Member States engaged in an equally long and complex ratification process. The European Parliament endorsed the Treaty on 19 November 1997, and after two referenda and 13 decisions by national parliaments, the Member States finally concluded the procedure.
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